Clinical spectrum of the central nervous system tuberculosis in the National Center of Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Diseases in Tbilisi, and the difficulties of its diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61699/cjmps-v1-i2-3-p31-50Keywords:
Tuberculous meningitis, tuberculosis, tuberculosis of the central nervous system, diagnosis, GeneXpert MTB / RIF, GeneXpert MTB / RIF ultraAbstract
Against the background of the global HIV epidemic, tuberculosis meningitis remains the most severe and life-threatening form of tuberculosis. The purpose of the study: to prepare a retrospective analysis of the clinical features of tuberculosis of the central nervous system for 2015-2022 according to the data of the National Center of Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Diseases in Tbilisi. During the study period, tuberculosis of the central nervous system was detected in 414 patients. Of these, 248 patients were diagnosed with meningitis, 139 with meningoencephalitis, 6 with cerebral tuberculosis, 12 with myelitis, and 9 with polyradiculopathy. The diagnosis was carried out according to the WHO-recommended standardized laboratory methods, which formed the basis of the National Tuberculosis Control Program. The establishment of meningoencephalitis in 139 patients at the time of admission to the hospital indicates a late diagnosis. Treatment of patients with clinical suspicion of tuberculosis of the central nervous system should be carried out without waiting for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis since the treatment of infection is most effective in the early stages of the disease. Timely diagnosis and the beginning of adequate treatment significantly reduce the incidence of complications of the disease and mortality.
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