The Caucasus Journal of Medical and Psychological Sciences

Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty – The First-line Treatment For Open-Aangle Glaucoma?!

Merab Dvali — 2023-12-20

The purpose of this nonrandomized study conducted at the Eye Clinic "Akhali Mzera" between October 2011 and November 2022 was to evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction and side effects following selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). A total of 867 eyes of 558 patients with early to moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) phakic and pseudophakic were included in the study. The patients were treated with laser as primary therapy or adjunct laser with medication. The mean age of the study participants was 54.3 ± 5.2 years (range, 40 to 78 years) and 362 (64.9%) were males. The glaucoma diagnosis was POAG in 726 (83.7%) eyes and PXG in 141 (16.3%) eyes. Diabetes mellitus in 8% and systemic hypertension in 30% were noted. 736 eyes (84.9%) were on medications, and 130 (14.9%) eyes were treated with laser as primary therapy. Overall, the mean IOP after SLT was 17.8 ± 3.2mmHg, 18.8 ± 2.3 mmHg, and 23.4 ± 2.5 mmHg in the 12th month, 24th month, and 36th month respectively. About 20% of patients with POAG lost efficacy in 18 months post-treatment and in these eyes, the second SLT procedure was more effective than the first one. The number of drugs reduced from an average of 1.3 to an average of 1.0 was statistically significant with the inter-eye correlation. Those patients who were treated with laser as primary therapy with a baseline IOP of 25.4 mmHg ±2.9 mmHg had IOP reduction of 7.5 ± 3.1 mmHg at the last visit, and those who were on antiglaucoma medication with baseline IOP 23.9 ± 2.2 mmHg had IOP reduction of 4.8 ± 2.8 mmHg. IOP reduction at the last visit between POAG, and PXG was 6.5 mmHg and 7.9 mmHg, respectively. It was concluded that SLT is a safe and innovative technology that uses lasers to target only certain cells of the trabecular meshwork of the eye.

"I Can Be Satisfied That I Have Not Lived Without Creating Benefits ...": Caucasian Pages Of The Biography Of Doctor Leo Zisserman

S. B. Manyshev — 2023-12-20

The article, based on archival materials and literature data, examines the main milestones in the biography of the doctor Leo Karlovich Zisserman (1803–1882), who served at the end of his life in the Caucasus. L.K. Zisserman came from Austria-Hungary and received his initial medical education at the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna. Then he moved to the Russian Empire, where in 1830 he received the title of physician at Kharkov University. His further career related to the Podolsk province. However, in the early 1860s, he moved to the Caucasus, where his sons served. Here he took the position of resident at the Pyatigorsk military hospital. Most of L.K. Zisserman’s scientific activity is associated with the Russian Balneological Society in the city of Pyatigorsk, which was created in 1863. The author analyzed the scientific works of L.A. Zisserman, devoted to the study of balneological resources of the North Caucasus.

Victimblaming Factors in Situations of Violence Against Women

A. Ju. Vinnikova — 2023-12-20

Проблема виктимблейминга является междисциплинарной, для ее понимания необходимо рассматривать как макро-, так и микросоциальные явления, куль туральные особенности и ситуационно-временной контекст, психологические и клинико-психологические характеристики всех участников. В статье рассмотре ны имеющиеся данные о факторах виктимблейминга, относящихся к различным уровням, обозначены существующие противоречия, которые затрудняют описа ние причин виктимблеминга с точки зрения какой-либо теоретической модели. В статье также представлены результаты исследования индивидуальных факторов виктимблейминга на российской выборке, подтверждены некоторые социально демографические и индивидуально-психологические характеристики сторонних наблюдателей, влияющих на обвинение жертвы.

Supernumerary Phantom Pain: From Mechanisms To Treatment

Burliyat A. Abusueva — 2023-12-20

The article is devoted to the supernumerary phantom pain. It is described as pain in a supernumerary phantom limb. This is a very rare phenomenon with only sporadic and brief descriptions in the literature. However, this syndrome brings great suffering to the patient not only due to the feeling of pain, but also due to the complexity of its description and the difficulty of understanding by the doctor. For simplicity, patients draw a supernumerary limb and mark the location of pain on it. The pathogenesis of supernumerary phantom pain is not completely clear. Therefore, the description of each case is important for clinical practice. The article attempts to summarize the available information about the etiology, pathogenesis, methods of diagnosis and therapy of this syndrome.

Artificial Intelligence Model for the Emerging new Paradigm in Medical Education: Some General Considerations

L. А. Gheonjian — 2023-12-20

The present article delves into the features of medical education design in the era of digital and information technologies. A recurring issue in medical education is the lack of a general psychological theory that defines education as an organized and purposeful process of exchanging information messages aimed at developing professional skills. Additionally, there is a lack of a common approach for the formation of these messages. While clear logic is used for physical and informational variables, fuzzy logic is used for linguistic variables, which are markers of sets of fuzzy classification representations of objects of reality. To tackle these problems, the article proposes the «idealized design» method, which is an effective approach to address a wide range of planning and goalachieving problems, and it can aid in developing skills for using advanced expert systems. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the necessity of shaping a new paradigm of the image/model of a medical worker and the educational model that shapes this image through engineering psychology, based on the Psychology of Set by Dimitri Uznadze.