The Caucasus Journal of Medical and Psychological Sciences

An attempt to formulate the concepts of an artificial intelligence model for the emerging new paradigm of medical education: what can the set theory offer?

2025-02-03T18:03:12+00:00

The state of psychology as a science capable of contributing to the formation of new concepts in science, engineering and technology of modern medical education is assessed. Based on the assessments and research of leading psychologists, it is shown that this state can be considered extremely unsatisfactory both for the development of psychology itself and for its applied areas, formed rather as a result of accumulated many years of experience in solving specific problems, rather than the application of general laws arising from general psychological theory. From this position, the potential of the theory of attitude by Dmitry Uznadze is considered.

Loneliness and its experience in patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation

2025-02-03T12:22:07+00:00

This article is devoted to the study of the features of loneliness in schizophrenia patients undergoing rehabilitation in neuropsychiatric dispensary, and their connection with such clinical-psychological characteristics as state anxiety, social anxiety, interpersonal relationships and self-esteem. The study involved 70 respondents over the age of 18: 30 patients of Neuropsychiatric dispensary (average age 38±13.49) attending a psychiatric day hospital and 40 respondents without diagnosed mental illness (average age 38±14,04). Research methods: clinical-psychological interview, Differential questionnaire of loneliness experience (E. N. Osin, D. A. Leontiev), StateTrait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger-Khanin), Questionnaire of social anxiety and social phobia, method «Subjective assessment of interpersonal relationships», Self-esteem Matrix (B. Weinhold). Data processing methods: content analysis, Mann–Whitney U test, correlation analysis. The results of the study reflect the features of loneliness experienced by patients with schizophrenia: they are more likely to think about loneliness than experience it; they identify external factors in loneliness more than internal experiences; they tend to avoid situations of loneliness. They have higher current loneliness experiences. Connections with the studied clinical-psychological characteri

The role of local immunity in chronic gastroduodenitis in children

2025-02-03T13:02:00+00:00

An analysis of literature data on the role of local immune response in the pathogenesis of chronic gastroduodenitis in children was carried out. A persistent trend of increasing incidence of gastroenterological illnesses in children has been observed at the present time. The greatest probability of manifestation of gastroenterological illnesses occurs at ages 3-6 and 9-12. In 40-60% of adults, gastroenterological illnesses originate in childhood. For this reason, it is necessary to study the initiating and causative factors in in the development of digestive organ pathologies in children, and especially their progress. This article discusses the role of the local immune system in the pathogenesis of chronic gastroduodenitis. Inflammation lies at the core of chronic gastritis, and an integral part of it is local immune reaction. Its essence is the infiltration of the mucous membrane of the stomach by plasmocytes, lymphocytes, histiocytes, with an increase in the quantity of macrophages, fibroblasts, eosinophils, mast cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). The degree of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration reflects the gravity of the inflammation.

The role of neuroendocrine and psychophysiological status of professional athletes in the formation of successful sports implementation

2025-02-03T13:38:09+00:00

In this study, a correlation analysis of some hormones of the hypothalamic pituitaryadrenal system and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio index with the psychophysiological indicators of winners and participants in international rowing competitions (n = 33) was carried out. This study shows that rowers who have significant connections between hormone levels and psychophysiological indicators achieve high mastery in rowing. It was found that the group of competition winners in both men and women has stronger correlations with hormone levels and ISNL than the group of competition participants. ISNL is significantly higher in the group of competition winners and does not depend on gender. The identified patterns can be used to predict possible sports results in rowing.

Leo Sissermann – a lifetime of service to patients and a facet in the history of medicine in the Caucasus

2025-02-03T13:53:42+00:00

This article is a sequel to a recent article by S.B. Manyshev in this publication, which dealt with the life and work of Leo Sissermann, a medical doctor who was born in Austria, practiced for the large part of his career on the territory of modern-day Ukraine and moved to the Caucasus relatively late in life. He became a senior resident at the Pyatigorsk Military Hospital and developed a strong interest in balneology, the study of the effect of mineral waters on human health. The main milestones in the history of Pyatigorsk, the development of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and their scientific study are briefly outlined as background to the work of Dr Sissermann. Brief outlines are given of the lives of Leo Sissermann’s sons.